In any new outbreak of a disease it is always important to particularly inform us about the vulnerable population, this is, those people who are more likely to acquire the disease and/or suffer worse consequences if they do.
For Coronavirus COVID-19 it has been proven that practically all population is susceptible, and of this population the ones that have been consistently been most affected with serious to severe symptoms and death risk are:
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Has been the most affected population, with the highest mortality rate.
Adjusted death rate
Mortality rate among symptomatic infections
Patient Age (years) | Death Rate (%) |
0-9 | 0.019% |
10-19 | 0.046% |
20-29 | 0.19% |
30-39 | 0.38% |
40-49 | 0.82% |
50-59 | 2.7% |
60-69 | 9.4% |
70-79 | 20% |
80-older | 36% |
Adjusted by late mortality and adjusted as per unidentified symptomatic cases.
The vast majority of fatal cases showed, in addition, comorbid diseases such as heart failure, diabetes, hypertension and alike, therefore are a highly vulnerable group. This group also includes smokers, regardless of age.
The recommendation is to follow preventive hygiene measures in addition to practicing voluntary isolation for at least 14 days.
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Given that this condition involves airways being compromised, these people are prone to develop the disease with serious to critical symptoms. This is because COVID-19 affects the respiratory tract (nose, throat and lungs) and may trigger asthma attacks that lead to pneumonia and/or acute respiratory disease.
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There is no specific data yet associating COVID-19 to HIV, or whether HIV further compromises a person with severe or critical symptoms.
The best recommendation is to strictly follow the recommended preventive hygiene measures, establish social distancing and, specifically in the case of HIV, do not stop antiretroviral treatment.
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There is no specific data yet associating COVID-19 to pregnant women or whether they are more likely to acquire the disease or to have serious, serious, severe or critical symptoms.
Taking into consideration other viruses of the same family as COVID-19 and other viral respiratory infections such as influenza, pregnant women are at greater risk of developing serious, severe or critical illnesses. .
There are also no specific data on the effects of babies born to mothers with COVID-19 or if whether there is transmission of the disease to a baby at birth, since there have been very few cases where the results of COVID-19 presence have been negative, both in the newborn, amniotic fluid and mother’s milk. These results should not be taken as final as there have not been enough cases to determine a representative sample.
Breastfeeding with COVID-19
As mentioned above, there have been very few cases where the mother-child situation can be analyzed with respect to COVID-19.
Taking into consideration the source of food and protection against disease which the breast milk represents, in addition to knowing that COVID-19 is transmitted through the respiratory tract, and taking into account similar diseases such as influence or flu, the recommendation is that an infected mother should not stop breastfeeding, but do take the necessary precautionary measures to avoid transmitting the virus to the infant by using face mask and having perfect hand hygiene.
Preventive hygiene and social distancing measures are important, and the general population must take these seriously.
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Even though this part of the population has been mildly affected by COVID-19, it does not mean that children have not been infected; the great majority of affected children have undergone the disease with mild symptoms; however, close to 39% got sick with moderate symptomatology. There were severe symptoms in 6% of the cases and at least one child under 14 was confirmed to have died, according to the Journal of Pediatrics which, as of February 8, 2020, had analyzed 2,143 cases of children under 18.
Due to the very nature of the children who are just learning the rules of hygiene, it is important to emphasize the importance of keeping their hands clean and stop them from touching their face. The existence of the virus should be explained in accordance to the age of the child, so they may follow established rules on cleanliness.
As parents, you are advised not to expose children to crowds or sick people.
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At the early beginnings of the pandemia, data coming out of China focused on older people, especially those living with major health problems, as those most likely to be seriously affected by COVID-19. As information reached the U.S., it seemed that the coronavirus was mostly a threat to the elderly and those with other underlying health issues.
Data in March 16, 2020 report from the CDC are showing that younger adults are also getting COVID-19, and some are requiring hospitalization, even intensive care.
For example, the CDC report shows that as of March 16, 2020, 508 people were hospitalized for COVID-19 in the U.S. Of these, 38% were between 20 and 54 years old. Half of those ending up in intensive care were younger than 65.
Officials in Europe are noting the same trend, with reports that half of serious cases in France and the Netherlands are in people under age 50.
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Acerca de la COVID-19 - Mayo Clinic
2021Español
https://www.mayoclinic.org/es-es/coronavirus-covid-19/public-guidance
COVID-19: ¿quién está a un mayor riesgo para los síntomas de gravedad?
202. Español. Mayo Clinic
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